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I-TASSER I-TASSER-MTD C-I-TASSER CR-I-TASSER QUARK C-QUARK LOMETS MUSTER CEthreader SEGMER DeepFold DeepFoldRNA FoldDesign COFACTOR COACH MetaGO TripletGO IonCom FG-MD ModRefiner REMO DEMO DEMO-EM SPRING COTH Threpp PEPPI BSpred ANGLOR EDock BSP-SLIM SAXSTER FUpred ThreaDom ThreaDomEx EvoDesign BindProf BindProfX SSIPe GPCR-I-TASSER MAGELLAN ResQ STRUM DAMpred

TM-score TM-align US-align MM-align RNA-align NW-align LS-align EDTSurf MVP MVP-Fit SPICKER HAAD PSSpred 3DRobot MR-REX I-TASSER-MR SVMSEQ NeBcon ResPRE TripletRes DeepPotential WDL-RF ATPbind DockRMSD DeepMSA FASPR EM-Refiner GPU-I-TASSER

BioLiP E. coli GLASS GPCR-HGmod GPCR-RD GPCR-EXP Tara-3D TM-fold DECOYS POTENTIAL RW/RWplus EvoEF HPSF THE-DB ADDRESS Alpaca-Antibody CASP7 CASP8 CASP9 CASP10 CASP11 CASP12 CASP13 CASP14



Protein structure decoys refer to the artificial structural conformations of proteins, which are often used to guide the design, test and training of the protein folding force fields. Although structure decoys can be generated by various approaches, including trivial random walks, only those with protein-like structural features and elements are useful for protein force field design. In this page, we list several sets of decoys generated in the practical folding simulations by I-TASSER and QUARK in both benchmarking and CASP experiments.

Similar to all the existing decoy sets in literature and websites, however, these decoys have several defects: (1) the decoy sets are designed only for pre-existing protein targets; (2) the distribution is often dominated to a few clusters; (3) the structures often have flaws in secondary structure and radius of gyration distributions, which can be easily recognized by trivial potentials. To address these issues, a devoted method, 3DRobot, was recently developed for creating diverse and well-packed structure decoys for any proteins (see below, or Deng et al, 3DRobot: Automated Generation of Diverse and Well-packed Protein Structure Decoys. Boinformatics, 32: 378-87, 2016).


3DRobot Decoy sets


I-TASSER Decoy sets


QUARK Decoy sets


CASP Decoy sets


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